Effect assessment of the herbicide paraquat on a green alga using differential gene expression and biochemical biomarkers.
Identifieur interne : 000A37 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000A36; suivant : 000A38Effect assessment of the herbicide paraquat on a green alga using differential gene expression and biochemical biomarkers.
Auteurs : An Jamers [Belgique] ; Wim De CoenSource :
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry [ 0730-7268 ] ; 2010.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Analyse de profil d'expression de gènes (MeSH), Antioxydants (métabolisme), Appréciation des risques (MeSH), Chlamydomonas (croissance et développement), Chlamydomonas (effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques), Chlamydomonas (métabolisme), Cytométrie en flux (MeSH), Herbicides (toxicité), Marqueurs biologiques (MeSH), Paraquat (toxicité), Photosynthèse (effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques), Polluants chimiques de l'eau (toxicité), Relation dose-effet des médicaments (MeSH), Séquençage par oligonucléotides en batterie (MeSH).
- MESH :
- croissance et développement : Chlamydomonas.
- effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques : Chlamydomonas, Photosynthèse.
- métabolisme : Antioxydants, Chlamydomonas.
- toxicité : Herbicides, Paraquat, Polluants chimiques de l'eau.
- Analyse de profil d'expression de gènes, Appréciation des risques, Cytométrie en flux, Marqueurs biologiques, Relation dose-effet des médicaments, Séquençage par oligonucléotides en batterie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Antioxidants (metabolism), Biomarkers (MeSH), Chlamydomonas (drug effects), Chlamydomonas (growth & development), Chlamydomonas (metabolism), Dose-Response Relationship, Drug (MeSH), Flow Cytometry (MeSH), Gene Expression Profiling (MeSH), Herbicides (toxicity), Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis (MeSH), Paraquat (toxicity), Photosynthesis (drug effects), Risk Assessment (MeSH), Water Pollutants, Chemical (toxicity).
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Antioxidants.
- chemical , toxicity : Herbicides, Paraquat, Water Pollutants, Chemical.
- chemical : Biomarkers.
- drug effects : Chlamydomonas, Photosynthesis.
- growth & development : Chlamydomonas.
- metabolism : Chlamydomonas.
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Flow Cytometry, Gene Expression Profiling, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Risk Assessment.
Abstract
Effects of the herbicide paraquat were assessed on the green freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using different endpoints of toxicity. Cell concentration and growth rate were monitored, whereas flow cytometry was applied to determine changes in chlorophyll content, viability and presence of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, a transcriptomics approach using microarray hybridizations was applied to elucidate the mechanisms of toxicity. The results reveal that paraquat concentrations above 0.25 microM induce toxic effects in C. reinhardtii, reflected in a significantly reduced growth rate and cell concentration with a corresponding median effective concentration (EC50) value of 0.26 microM. With increasing paraquat concentrations, an increase in cell volume was registered with a particle counter as well as in the forward scattering signal of flow cytometric measurements, which is a measure of cell size. Flow cytometry, moreover, showed an increase in reactive oxygen species with increasing exposure concentration, corroborating the general knowledge that this herbicide exerts its toxicity through the generation of oxidative stress. At the same time, several genes involved in oxidative stress defense mechanisms, such as L-ascorbate peroxidase, glutaredoxin, and a possible glutathione-S-transferase were differentially expressed, demonstrating the value of microarrays for elucidating possible mechanisms of toxicity. The fact that several genes were differentially expressed at paraquat concentrations that caused no adverse effects on higher levels of biological organization indicates that a transcriptomics approach allows for the detection of early effects, even before they become manifest at higher levels.
DOI: 10.1002/etc.102
PubMed: 20821519
Affiliations:
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wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory for Ecophysiology, Biochemistry and Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium. an.jamers@ua.ac.be</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory for Ecophysiology, Biochemistry and Toxicology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="province" nuts="2">Province d'Anvers</region><settlement type="city">Anvers</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Anvers</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Coen, Wim" sort="De Coen, Wim" uniqKey="De Coen W" first="Wim" last="De Coen">Wim De Coen</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Environmental toxicology and chemistry</title><idno type="ISSN">0730-7268</idno><imprint><date when="2010" 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scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Chlamydomonas</term><term>Photosynthesis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chlamydomonas</term><term>Photosynthèse</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Chlamydomonas</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Chlamydomonas</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antioxydants</term><term>Chlamydomonas</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="toxicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Herbicides</term><term>Paraquat</term><term>Polluants chimiques de l'eau</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</term><term>Flow Cytometry</term><term>Gene Expression Profiling</term><term>Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis</term><term>Risk Assessment</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Analyse de profil d'expression de gènes</term><term>Appréciation des risques</term><term>Cytométrie en flux</term><term>Marqueurs biologiques</term><term>Relation dose-effet des médicaments</term><term>Séquençage par oligonucléotides en batterie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Effects of the herbicide paraquat were assessed on the green freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using different endpoints of toxicity. Cell concentration and growth rate were monitored, whereas flow cytometry was applied to determine changes in chlorophyll content, viability and presence of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, a transcriptomics approach using microarray hybridizations was applied to elucidate the mechanisms of toxicity. The results reveal that paraquat concentrations above 0.25 microM induce toxic effects in C. reinhardtii, reflected in a significantly reduced growth rate and cell concentration with a corresponding median effective concentration (EC50) value of 0.26 microM. With increasing paraquat concentrations, an increase in cell volume was registered with a particle counter as well as in the forward scattering signal of flow cytometric measurements, which is a measure of cell size. Flow cytometry, moreover, showed an increase in reactive oxygen species with increasing exposure concentration, corroborating the general knowledge that this herbicide exerts its toxicity through the generation of oxidative stress. At the same time, several genes involved in oxidative stress defense mechanisms, such as L-ascorbate peroxidase, glutaredoxin, and a possible glutathione-S-transferase were differentially expressed, demonstrating the value of microarrays for elucidating possible mechanisms of toxicity. The fact that several genes were differentially expressed at paraquat concentrations that caused no adverse effects on higher levels of biological organization indicates that a transcriptomics approach allows for the detection of early effects, even before they become manifest at higher levels.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">20821519</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2010</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>05</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>18</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0730-7268</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>29</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><Year>2010</Year><Month>Apr</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Environmental toxicology and chemistry</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Environ Toxicol Chem</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Effect assessment of the herbicide paraquat on a green alga using differential gene expression and biochemical biomarkers.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>893-901</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1002/etc.102</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Effects of the herbicide paraquat were assessed on the green freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using different endpoints of toxicity. Cell concentration and growth rate were monitored, whereas flow cytometry was applied to determine changes in chlorophyll content, viability and presence of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, a transcriptomics approach using microarray hybridizations was applied to elucidate the mechanisms of toxicity. The results reveal that paraquat concentrations above 0.25 microM induce toxic effects in C. reinhardtii, reflected in a significantly reduced growth rate and cell concentration with a corresponding median effective concentration (EC50) value of 0.26 microM. With increasing paraquat concentrations, an increase in cell volume was registered with a particle counter as well as in the forward scattering signal of flow cytometric measurements, which is a measure of cell size. 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